New Revolutionary Theory For Gaklaxy Formation

An original revolutionary theory explaining the formation of spiral galaxies
_______ By Hezy Assil ________ October 2003__________________________________ To send it to a friend

In contrary to all accepted theories, my theory claims that the black hole creates the spiral galaxy.

*** The solution of the problem of the formation of spiral galaxies:

The supper-massive black hole in the center of the galaxy spins at tremendous velocity, forming a spinning pipe-shape.

From the two sides of that pipe-shaped black hole, two jets of matter escape at tremendous velocity.

The matter thrown out from the two edges of the black hole in directions vertical to the galaxy's plane at formidable force, has, in addition to the momentum of this movement, also a rotary momentum of extreme velocity, which is caused by the tremendous velocity of the spin of the black hole.

This momentum causes the mass to be thrown in the direction of the spin, thus creating a conical shape, which opens towards the outer limits of the galaxy's plane.

The spinning velocity of the edges of the cone is by far higher than that of the spiral's arms.
When the matter that is being cast away from the cone collides with the matter that has already been gathered at the edges of the appropriate arm, it adds its high velocity spin resulting from the cone's spin.
Thus it adds further propulsion to the arm, and this force gives it another push in its movement further away from center of the galaxy.

In other words: the arm curbs the new matter arriving from the center.

Note:

According to my theory, the velocity of stars situated on the plane of the galaxy (i.e., not on the spiral's arms), is lower around the center, compared with that of stars situated on the arms.

Explanation: The arms of the galaxy permanently acquire new rotary momentum from new matter that is being cast out from the black hole.

When examining spiral galaxies we discover that basically they are constructed of two arms,
which disseminate matter to great distances away from the center.

At the breakneck the super-massive black hole throws outwards two jets of matter,
at a very high velocity.
The amount of matter may be small, but, as a result of gravity, it adds up continuously,
to the matter that has already been thrown previously.
In fact, because it is smaller than the mass that has undergone this process previously,
it will be attracted to it until they merge, and the rotary momentum of the new material,
will be added to the matter that accumulated previously.

Thus, during millions or billions of years of accumulation of such matter that escapes
from margins of the black hole, the two spirals arms of the galaxy are formed.
Those spiral arms are permanently moving away from the black hole,
due to the enormous preliminary velocity of the original "throw".
One arm is formed on one side of the rotating black hole, the other -- on its opposite side.

Non of other theories can explain why most of the galaxies have symmetric shape.
I do explain this fact by the symmetric quantity and quality of the mass
thrown from both side of the black hole:
Both, quality and quantity, are changing from time to time,
and that is the clue for the shape of the arms.
But the mass thrown to both sides are identical, at a time.

Anyone wishing to contradict this theory, is challenged to contradict the following predictions:

1 - The direction of the black hole's spin is the same as that of the opening of spiral's arms.

2 - All spiral galaxies starts with two arms, which emanate from the center and continue away from it.

3 - The arm facing us (i.e., the camera) is brighter, while the other arm is concealed
by the mass that has escaped previously and settled on the galaxy's plane.

4 - Stars situated on the galaxy's plane (and not on one of the arms),
revolve around the center of the galaxy at a slower speed in comparison with
stars situated on the galaxy's arms.

5 - The jets of new mass are at first vertical to the galaxy's plane,
but with the passage of time they tend to change direction towards the dense side of the galaxy's plane,
in the direction of the emitting arm.

6 - In young galaxies, the stars' movement direction is more outwards than inwards, from to the center of the galaxy.

7 - The closer the spiral's arms are to the black hole's center, the more convoluted they are.

One other point:
The way the two arms split, can be caused only by explosions.
Notice that the angles of those splits are towards out from the center !!!
That caused by continuing the previous movement out...

The following photographs provide confirmation that assist this theory:
i.e., that one of the galaxy's arms is situated above galaxy's plane, while the opposite arm is situated below it.

For those readers who may unaware of it, the pictures in most of the links brought here,
may be enlarged by a mouse click.

By the way, the above mentioned "bar" is vertical to the galaxy's plane.
Notice that the photograph was taken from an angle that enables to see it partly
from the side and partly from above.

It is interesting that the arm situated above, towards the camera, is seen clearly,
whereas the second arm can not be seen in the picture, apparently since it is situated below,
i.e., under the plane of the galaxy.

Subject: Another spiral galaxy. Here we can see a somewhat different phenomenon,
the whole left side is bright and dense with mass, compared with the right side,
which is clearly sparse in matter.
Http: / / antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov / apod / ap010612.html

Subject: A ring-shaped galaxy.
Wild conjecture: old spiral galaxy. Maybe this was a spiral galaxy, which ceased
to generate new matter, and the "old" matter moved to far distances away from the center.
Just a conjecture!
Http: / / antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov / apod / ap020909.html

Subject: Another almost annular galaxy. Notice that small amount of mass is
still thrown out from the center.
Only a fine trail from the center to the ring can be discerned,
plus another small trail (from below?).

Subject: Cluster of spiral galaxies. It is interesting to notice that their planes are very similar in orientation.
It indicates a high probability of the existence of a common source for their creation.
Http: / / www2.yarden.ac.il / bloss / apod / ap010510.htm

Subject: A thrilling picture!! A cluster of galaxies with brightly shining center.

The fact is that the planes of the many spiral galaxies seen in the picture are tangential
to the circles around the shining center.

Subject: Picture of a jet, 30,000 light years long, emanating from the center of a galaxy,
thought to have a black hole in its center.
The picture is of x-rays emission.
The jet must be thrown by formidable power, in order to reach this distance.
Http: / / www2.yarden.ac.il / bloss / apod / ap010816.htm

Subject: Spiral galaxy with two arms seen clearly.
One arm above the plane of the galaxy, and the opposite arm -- below it.

By the way, a note concerning the previous picture of x-rays.
A column of radiation 30,000 light years long, vertical to the plane of the galaxy,
is supposed to appear also on other side of the galaxy, but it is concealed by the galaxy.
It is part of the mass thrown from the black hole.

Subject: Spiral galaxy with a bar. Notice that the explanation is about the creation of new matter,
in the ring around the center. Also notice that the picture was taken more than two years ago,
before it was known that there are black holes in the centers of galaxies.
Http: / / www2.yarden.ac.il / bloss / apod / ap010321.htm

Subject: How beautiful! The emission of mass from two edges of the center of the galaxy.
The blazing material can be seen clearly in red, emitted upwards.

Subject: Another cluster of spiral galaxies. Prominent here are parts of arcs,
a similar picture was shown above.
In both pictures the lines of the arc are delicate and partial,
and discerning them requires some effort.

Subject: Two spiral galaxies that are probably on their way towards a collision.
In each one of them there are two typical arms.
The contrary direction of rotation of the two galaxies is remarkable and interesting.
Which make me assume that they were created from separate clusters of galaxies.
Http: / / antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov / apod / ap991109.html

Subject: An unusual spiral galaxy. A split in the inside of the arms:
It can be seen clearly that the two original arms of the spiral split a few times into secondary arms.
Http: / / antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov / apod / ap991230.html

Subject: Another spiral. Here there is a special phenomenon:
in the galaxy's center two arms-like "protuberances" emanate from the center.

It is hard to discern from the photograph if those arms emanate vertically,
relative to the galaxy's plane. If so, it is a rare photograph showing a very big amount of mass,
most likely originated from the black hole, towards the two arms.
Http: / / antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov / apod / ap990821.html

Subject: Another spiral. Prominent here is the splitting of the two arms into secondary arms.

It looks as if this process of splitting is repeated in the arms,
and finally causes the creation of a homogenous plane around the center of the spiral galaxies.
Http: / / antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov / apod / ap990609.html

Subject: Another rare photograph. Strong halos of radiation at both sides of the spiral's center.
Photograph from 1999 (the explanation should not be taken too seriously).
Http: / / antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov / apod / ap990510.html

By the way, a note concerning the previous picture: notice that the radiation angle,
of the halos on both sides of the center are not vertical at 90⁰ relative to the spiral's plane,
but are slightly tilted sidewise, a fact that supports my theory.

The tilt on both edges is in directed towards the "thicker" part in the spiral.
This is a result of the dissipation of matter from the center in that "thick" direction.
Http: / / antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov / apod / ap981220.html

Subject: Two spirals that reach towards a contact between them.
Please notice the directions of rotation of both spirals. They rotate in contrary directions.

The two brightly shining arms can be seen clearly as they emanate --
The left one towards the camera, continuing to protrude, while the arm at the right,
gradually disappearing under the galaxy's plane, and its continuation can not be seen.
Http: / / antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov / apod / ap990624.html

Subject: Another spiral. Here the center of the spiral is thrilling.
Two arms emanating vertically from the spiral's center deviate a little
from the vertical and disperse the mass to the direction of the galaxy's plane.

An asymmetric swellings on the galaxy's plane can be seen clearly.
Each "arm" creates its own swelling.
A very similar photograph was presented earlier in this cluster.
Http: / / antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov / apod / ap980625.html

Subject: Another beautiful spiral. Prominent are two arms that originate in the center.
Notice the galaxy behind. It is less clear due to the distance,
but what is most interesting is that also here you can see two horns emanating
at the same angle as those in the nearer galaxy.

Subject: Another spiral with two columns of mass, vertical to the center of the plane.
Also here, like before, the "columns" are not precisely vertical,
but tilted towards the thicker side relative to the galaxy's plane.
Http: / / antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov / apod / ap980625.html

Subject: The neighbor spiral. Also here the you can see the permanent elliptical center,
with two arms opened to the sides. Notice that the diversion of the arms from the center
is directed towards the thicker side of the galaxy's plane.
Http: / / antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov / apod / ap971101.html

Subject: A different phenomenon, which reminds of the black hole's spinning in the center
and emission of radiation in the two edges.

By the way, I assume that the splitting of the spiral's arms into secondary arms
is created as a result in the end of the arm.
The explosion create a shock wave which splits the arm, but the original momentum
of the material causes it to continue both in the direction of the original movement
and in the direction of the split. It seems that the blast force is much smaller than the arm's inertia
and therefore the deviation from the trajectory is not more than the original.
Http: / / antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov / apod / ap970322.html

Subject: Exceptional picture. The galaxy is photographed from the side,
with two immense domes emanating from the two edges of the center.

What can be learned from this picture is that the new mass, that thrown from both edges
of the black hole, dispersed to the sides and they form two very wide cones.
Due to gravitation power, this mass pulled and attracted towards the galaxy's plane.

Subject: Spiral photographed sidewise. A pronounced concentration of mass on the left is.
At the right side the matter is more dispersed above the galaxy's plane.
Http: / / antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov / apod / ap961118.html

Subject: Another spiral with prominent mass domes from the two edges of the center.

I surmise that those halos are much wider, but they are illuminated
only in the central part of the galaxy,
as a result of the blazing mass, from the two edges of the black hole.
Http: / / antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov / apod / ap960822.html

Subject: Another one in the ultra.
Here you can see clearly that the descending arm is continuous (it is probably the one above),
while the ascending arm is discontinuous near the center due to the density of matter in the center,
which covers it. Then it is exposed again to the camera's eye.
Http: / / antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov / apod / ap960709.html

Subject: Also here the same phenomenon is repeated, in an even more convincing way:
The right arm is continuous from the center, whereas the left arm,
which is below, is seen only very partially towards the left.
Http: / / antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov / apod / ap960708.html

Subject: Amazing picture. Two mass hoses are thrown from the two edges of the galaxy's center.

Again I assume that this cone is much wider at the top and at the bottom,
but mainly its illuminated center can be seen in blazing matter and in radiation from the center.
Http: / / antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov / apod / ap960505.html

Subject: Picture from ten years ago. A big galaxy.
Prominent here is the clear continuous right arm, compared with the left arm, which
has occasional discontinuities, since it is more under the plane of the galaxy.
Http: / / antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov / apod / ap950626.html

Subject: The neighboring spiral.
Also here the elliptical center with two arms to the sides is prominent.

Subject: It is interesting that the same technique of spiral works also on a smaller scale.
Again matter is thrown from the center and directed into two arms that create a spiral.
Http: / / antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov / apod / ap970822.html

Subject: Exceptional picture. The galaxy in the photograph from the side,
with two immense domes emanating from the two edges of the center.

What can be learned from this picture is that new matter expelled from both edges
of the black hole is dispersed in form of very wide cones that continually attracted
due to gravitation to in the direction of the galaxy's plane.

I surmise that the rotation speed of the immense domes is very high,
relative to that of the galaxy.
Http: / / antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov / apod / ap970114.html

Subject: An exceptional picture.
In the galaxy on the left a prominent ring of bright mass.
It is probably the upper edge of a cone that originates in the galaxy's center and widens upwards.

Subject: Another spiral with prominent domes of mass on both edges of the center.
I surmise that those halos are wider but they are illuminated only in the central part of the galaxy,
due to the ejection of blazing mass from both edges of the center.
Http: / / antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov / apod / ap960822.html

Another ultra-red picture.
We can notice that the arm in the upper part of the picture
is not clear, since it is located at the far side of the galaxy-plane,
while the other arm, closer to us, is obvious and not interrupted.
http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap960709.html

You can see here too the same phenomena.
The right arm is seen uninterfeered, from the center out .
While the left arm is located on the far side of the galaxy-plane.
http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap960708.html

An amazing picture.
Two beams of mass are thrown from the two sides of the center.
Pay special attention to the cone-shapes, that are formed.
I assume that they are mush wider far from the center, but they are darker.
http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap960505.html

"Scientists say most galaxies, including our Milky Way galaxy, have a suppressive black hole at their core.
A suppressive black hole contains the mass of millions to billions of Suns compressed within a region smaller than our solar system. The black hole in MCG-6-30-15, over 100 million light-years from Earth, has the mass of about 100 million Suns.

"This mass implies an innermost stable orbit of 64 kilometers (40 miles) if the black hole were not spinning, according to the study. But a spin rate of 450 times per second implies that incoming blobs could cozy up to within 49 km (about 30 miles). "

"A suppressive black hole at the center of this galaxy, Centaurus A, blasts two jets of high-energy particles into space. Astronomers use the outflows to help them understand the shape and physics of black holes"

Chandra determined that there are two vast, bubble-shaped cavities in the gas cluster that extend away from the central black hole. The new observations, performed by Andrew Fabian of the Institute of Astronomy in Cambridge, England and his colleagues, reveal the presence of ripples, spaced 30,000 light-years apart, that emanated from the cavities."

"Scientists say most galaxies, including our Milky Way galaxy, have a suppressive black hole at their core. A suppressive black hole contains the mass of millions to billions of Suns compressed within a region smaller than our solar system. The black hole in MCG-6-30-15, over 100 million light-years from Earth, has the mass of about 100 million Suns"

"Chandra observations of a third stellar black hole, GX 339-4, have revealed that it is also spinning rapidly, and clouds of warm absorbing gas appear to be flowing away from the black hole at speeds of about three hundred thousand miles per hour. Such warm gas flows have been observed in the vicinity of suppressive black holes"

"The amount of energy in the black hole, provided by a constant stream of gas clouds and sucked-up stars, is staggering. Indeed, co-author Mitchell Begelman of the University of Colorado reports that "it would take roughly a billion years to release all the energy stored up in MCG?6-30-15"

"There is no intrinsic mass limit on a black hole. It could be very light or very heavy. We call those much heavier than one solar mass suppressive black holes. We find several at the centers of some galaxies. For example, the core of M87 contains 3x10⁹ solar masses within a few light weeks. Only a black hole allows the presence of so much mass in such a small region."

		To HEBREW version
SEND EMAIL		See below spectacular pictures from space !
G = The galaxy's plane. B = The black hole in the galaxy's center, rotating around itself. A = The arms created by absorbing the mass from the cone spinning at its side: The upper arm absorbs the mass arriving from the upper cone; The lower arm absorbs the mass arriving from the lower cone.		Recently it was discovered that at the center of every spiral galaxy there exists a supper-massive black hole. This black hole rotates around itself at tremendous speed. Also it was discovered that the black hole expels two hoses of mass from its two sides, in directions vertical to the galaxy's plane. These mass-hoses reach distances of thousands of light years away from the black hole. They acquire the rapid rotary momentum of the black hole. My theory does explain the cause of the surounding movements of most of the planets in the univers. No other theory can do it !